{
  "altLabels": [
    "NQ"
  ],
  "artifactKind": "Dataset",
  "definition": "A question-answering dataset based on natural user questions, used in retrieval and open-domain question-answering evaluation.",
  "distinctions": [
    {
      "reason": "Natural Questions is a component evaluation dataset; BEIR is the benchmark suite that includes it.",
      "statement": "Natural Questions is not BEIR.",
      "target": "beir",
      "targetLabel": "BEIR",
      "targetUri": "https://id.searchplex.net/beir/"
    },
    {
      "reason": "Natural Questions is a dataset; question answering is the task.",
      "statement": "Natural Questions is not Question Answering.",
      "target": "question-answering",
      "targetLabel": "Question Answering",
      "targetUri": "https://id.searchplex.net/question-answering/"
    }
  ],
  "id": "natural-questions",
  "kind": "Artifact",
  "license": "https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/",
  "links": [
    {
      "label": "Natural Questions",
      "type": "officialHomepage",
      "url": "https://ai.google.com/research/NaturalQuestions"
    },
    {
      "label": "Natural Questions in ir_datasets",
      "type": "officialHomepage",
      "url": "https://ir-datasets.com/beir.html#beir/nq"
    }
  ],
  "modifiedAt": "2026-09-14T06:43:46Z",
  "prefLabel": "Natural Questions",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Searchplex",
    "url": "https://searchplex.net/"
  },
  "relations": [
    {
      "note": "Natural Questions is a component evaluation dataset; BEIR is the benchmark suite that includes it.",
      "target": "beir",
      "type": "notEquivalentTo"
    },
    {
      "note": "Natural Questions is a dataset; question answering is the task.",
      "target": "question-answering",
      "type": "notEquivalentTo"
    },
    {
      "target": "beir",
      "type": "related"
    },
    {
      "target": "passage-retrieval",
      "type": "related"
    },
    {
      "target": "question-answering",
      "type": "related"
    },
    {
      "target": "test-collection",
      "type": "related"
    }
  ],
  "representations": {
    "html": "https://id.searchplex.net/natural-questions/",
    "json": "https://id.searchplex.net/natural-questions.json",
    "jsonld": "https://id.searchplex.net/natural-questions.jsonld"
  },
  "scheme": "https://id.searchplex.net/scheme/",
  "scopeNote": "Natural Questions appears in BEIR as an open-domain QA retrieval dataset. It should be distinguished from question answering as a task and from BEIR as a benchmark suite.",
  "status": "published",
  "uri": "https://id.searchplex.net/natural-questions/"
}